Arthur B. Laffer

Arthur B. Laffer has served as a director since June 2002. Dr. Laffer has been Chairman of Laffer Associates, an economic research and financial consulting firm, since 1979; Chief Executive Officer of Laffer Advisors Inc., a broker-dealer, since 1981; and Chief Executive Officer of Laffer Investments, an investment management firm, since 1999. Dr. Laffer presently serves on the Boards of Directors of Mastec Inc., Nicholas Applegate Growth Fund, Oxigene, Inc., Provide Commerce, MPS Group, Inc. and Veolia Environment. Dr. Laffer is a 1963 graduate of Yale University. He received his MBA in 1965 and his Ph.D. in economics in 1971, each from Stanford University.