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Airline Crashes, the Media, and Transportation Policy
Brookings Institution Press
June 2003
208 pages ISBN: 0815771983 Hardcover
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Non-Fiction
Flying is an extremely safe way to travel. Fewer than
14,000 individuals perished in U.S. airline disasters
during the twentieth century. In contrast, nearly three
times as many people lose their lives in automobile
accidents every year. Yet plane crashes have a tremendous impact on public
perceptions of air safety in the United States. When a
crash occurs domestically, media coverage is immediate and
continuous. Government teams rush to investigate, elected
officials offer condolences and promise to find the cause,
and airlines and plane manufacturers seek to avoid
responsibility. Regulations are frequently proposed in
response to a particular incident, but meaningful change
often does not occur. In this book, Roger Cobb and David Primo examine the impact
of high-visibility plane crashes on airline transportation
policy. Regulation is disjointed and reactive, in part due
to extensive media coverage of airline disasters. The
authors describe the typical responses of various players—
elected officials, investigative agencies, airlines, and
the media. While all agree that safety is the primary
concern in air travel, failure to agree on a definition of
safety leads to policy conflicts. Looking at all airline crashes in the 1990s, the authors
examine how particular features of an accident correspond
to the level of media attention it receives, as well as how
airline disasters affect subsequent actions by the National
Transportation Safety Board, Federal Aviation
Administration, and others. Three accidents are considered
in detail: USAir flight 427 (September 1994), ValuJet
flight 592 (May 1996), and TWA flight 800 (July 1996). The
authors also discuss how the September 11 terrorist attacks
turned attention away from safety and toward security. Cobb and Primo make several policy recommendations based on
their findings. These include calling on lawmakers and
regulators to avoid reactive regulation and instead to
focus on systematic problems in airline safety, like the
antiquated air traffic control system. Concerned that
aviation security is eclipsing aviation safety in the wake
of September 11, they encourage federal agencies to strike
a better balance between the two. Finally, in order to
address the FAA’s poor track record in balancing airline
safety regulation with its other duties, they recommend the
creation of a new federal agency that is responsible for
aviation safety. The Plane Truth provides a framework for understanding
conflicts about the meaning of air safety and the
implications of these battles for public policy.
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